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Titre : Annual report of the Bureau of American ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian institution
Auteur : Bureau of American ethnology (Washington, D.C.). Auteur du texte
Éditeur : Government printing office (Washington)
Date d'édition : 1929
Contributeur : Powell, John Wesley (1834-1902). Directeur de publication
Notice du catalogue : http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37575968z
Notice du catalogue : https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37575968z/date
Type : texte
Type : publication en série imprimée
Langue : anglais
Format : Nombre total de vues : 40082
Description : 1929
Description : 1929 (N47)-1930.
Description : Note : Index.
Droits : Consultable en ligne
Droits : Public domain
Identifiant : ark:/12148/bpt6k27660k
Source : Bibliothèque nationale de France
Conservation numérique : Bibliothèque nationale de France
Date de mise en ligne : 15/10/2007
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As in the winter, there are other ceremonies at this time but in different forms.~
The pekwin has, furthermore, a great public ceremony, the la'hewe or Corn Dance, which should be performed every fourth year in midsummer. It has not been performed for many years. This ceremony commemorates the departure of the corn maids and celebrates their retum. It follows the usual ceremonial pattern of periods of retreat spent in preparation for the public ceremony of the last day. On this occasion the e'tone of the priests are exposed in public and there is dancing alternately by two groups of girls.
The writer has not seen this ceremony. It has not been held for many years, and very little is known about it save that "it belongs to pekwin." Since it is so peculiarly his dance we may assume that it is connected in some way with thé worship of thé sun, but what this connection is, toward what blessing it is directed, and what techniques it employs are by no means clear from the only description we have, and further information is lacking.
THE CULT OF THE U'WANAM'I
The U~wanami, a termgenerally translated rain makers,~ are water spirits. They live in ail the waters of the earth, the four encircling oceans and the underground waters to which springs are gateways. Cumulus clouds are their houses; mist is their breath. The frogs that sing from every puddle after thé drenching summer rains are their children. The ripple marks along the edge of ditches washed out by heavy rains are their footprints.
The worship of the U'wanami is enormously elaborated and is in the hands of the priesthoods, of which there are 12.~ Each priesthood contains from two to six members. Several have women associates. Membership, in the main, is hereditary within matrilineal family groups-the family in whose house the fetish of the group is guarded. Each group operates with a fetish. These fetishes, the e'to'we, are the most sacrosanct objects of Zuni worship. They were brought from the innermost depths of the earth at the time of the emergence and are kept in sealed jars, from which they are removed only for the few secret rites in which they are employed. In these e'to'we rest the power of thé priests. (For description of e~to'we see Stevenson, p. 163n.) Besides the e~to'we various other objects are 41 See p.537.
The term rain maker is a very misleading one. In ZuBI thought all snpeniaturals are rain makers. The Uwanami are definitely associated with the six regions and are probablytheZnni equivalent of the Keresan shiwana, or storm clouds. The bow priests of the Uwanami, KS!awani, Tsikahaiya, Kopetaiya are assoeiated with thnnderstorms and sudden tempests. (See tests, p. 661.)
<' 1 have omitted the pekwin and th'3 bow priests who occupy the fifth and sixth places in thé order of retreats, because they are not, strictly speaking, priests, but fonction merely ex oScio. They do not possess e'to'we. (See pp. 591,692,660.)